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  • 专利说明
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    • 专利摘要:
    Bone Threading Components A combination of a thread-forming tool and an implant is revealed. the thread fillet tool has a thread fillet section with a helical thread fillet which has at least one cutting surface for cutting a thread fillet in the bone. The implant comprises a bone affixing surface having at least one helical thread fillet for at least partially positioning on the bone thread fillet. a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of at least a portion of the screw thread of the thread-forming section substantially corresponds to a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of at least a portion of the screw thread of the implant.
    公开号:BR112012005076B1
    申请号:R112012005076
    申请日:2010-09-06
    公开日:2019-12-10
    发明作者:Lars Jörneus；Henrik Petersson
    申请人:Nobel Biocare Services Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    "COMPONENTS FOR BONE THREADING" Field of the invention [001] This invention generally belongs to the field of implant surgery. More particularly, the invention relates to a combination of a thread-forming tool and an implant. Components can be used separately or in a system for drill and guided implant surgery.
    Background of the invention [002] In certain clinical applications when the implant is placed, such as placing on a jaw bone, the implant has a tendency to deviate from this anticipated path, for example, due to the varying density of the bone surrounding the implant, both vertically and in the lateral direction of the implant. If, for example, the bone is denser on one side of the central longitudinal axis of the implant, it will deviate towards the softer bone, and end up in a not optimal position, which is different from a planned position. If this occurs during guided surgery, the implant assembly, which is guided by a guide sleeve of the surgical mold, may get stuck in the guide sleeve.
    [003] In addition, most implant types are wider at the coronal end than at the apical end. The increase in width from the apical to the coronal end can be of two types, a) a substantially cylindrical implant with a wider coronal platform, or b) a tapered implant tapering from its apical end at least partially towards its end coronal. Such tapered implants sometimes tend to deviate from the anticipated pathway. This is especially true for so-called bone condensation implants (type b) above), where the diameter of the implants can be gradually larger than the recess formed in the bone. For such bone / condensation implants, it is desired to have bone condensation relatively uniform to a specific lateral cross section of the implant. Obviously, the level of condensation also depends on the quality of the bone, that is, whether it is softer or harder bone quality, which may differ over the length of the implant when it is placed.
    [004] Therefore, an improved combination of components for placing an implant would be advantageous and in particular in view of the improved accuracy, increased flexibility, cost savings, and / or patient safety would be advantageous.
    Summary of the invention [005] Consequently, the embodiments of the present invention preferably seek to mitigate, alleviate or eliminate one or more deficiencies, disadvantages or problems in the technique, such as those identified above, individually or in any combination providing a combination of components for placement of an implant according to the attached patent claims.
    [006] According to a first aspect of the invention, a combination comprises a thread-forming tool and an implant. The donut forming tool has a donut forming section with a helical donut which has at least one cutting surface for cutting a donut in the bone. The implant comprises a bone apposition surface that has at least one helical thread thread to position at least partially in the bone thread thread. A longitudinal cross-sectional shape of at least a portion of the helical thread fillet of the thread-forming section substantially corresponds to a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of at least a portion of the implant's helical thread.
    [007] A dimension of said cross-sectional shape of the helical thread-forming section of the thread-forming section can substantially correspond to a corresponding dimension of said cross-sectional shape of the helical thread of the implant.
    [008] A dimension of said cross-sectional shape of the helical thread-forming section of the thread-forming section may be less than a corresponding dimension of said cross-sectional shape of the implant's helical thread.
    [009] The dimension of the thread-forming section can be the radius of the central longitudinal axis of the thread-forming tool to an external surface of one end of its thread. The dimension of the implant thread may be the radius of the implant's central longitudinal axis to an external surface of a tip of its thread thread.
    [0010] The dimension of the thread-forming section can be the radius of the central longitudinal axis of the thread-forming tool to an external surface of a root of its thread-thread. The dimension of the implant thread may be the radius of the implant's central longitudinal axis to an external surface of a root of its thread thread.
    [0011] A helical thread thread pitch of the thread thread forming section can be substantially the same as a helical thread thread pitch of the implant.
    [0012] The thread-forming section can be at least partially tapered externally from its apical end towards its coronal end. An apical portion of the implant can be at least partially tapered externally from its apical end towards its coronal end.
    [0013] A maximum diameter of at least an apical portion of the bone tissue affixing surface may be less than or equal to a maximum diameter of the thread-forming section of the thread-forming tool.
    [0014] A maximum diameter of an apical portion of the bone affixing surface may be greater than a maximum diameter of an apical portion of the thread-forming section of the thread-forming tool, and less than a coronal portion of the thread-forming section of the thread-forming tool.
    [0015] A maximum diameter of a coronal portion of the bone tissue affixing surface may be greater than a maximum diameter of a coronal portion of the thread-forming section of the thread-forming tool.
    [0016] The combination may also comprise a drill, and a guide sleeve for a surgical cast. The guide sleeve may have a guide surface to guide the thread-forming tool. The drill may have at least one cutting edge in the apical section and the coronal section. The thread fillet tool may have a guide section for guiding the guide surface of the guide sleeve. Also, the thread-forming section may comprise an apical portion, and a coronal portion. A maximum diameter of the apical portion of the thread-forming section may be less than or equal to a maximum diameter of the cutting edge of the drill.
    [0017] A position of the maximum diameter of the apical portion of the thread-forming section can be located offset from an apical end of the thread-forming section. The position can also be located at a first distance from an apical end of the guide section. The first distance can be substantially equal to a second distance from said position to a coronal end of the guide surface when the thread-forming tool is inserted into the guide sleeve.
    [0018] The displacement can be at least 1 mm, preferably at least 2 mm, for example, in the range of 2-3 mm.
    [0019] An apical end of the thread-forming section may be greater than the maximum diameter of an apical section of the drill, which is less than the maximum diameter of a coronal section of the drill.
    [0020] According to a second aspect, a method of placing an implant in a threaded recess in the bone, comprises drilling a recess in the bone, forming a thread in the recess that has a shape that at least partially corresponds to a shape of an implant thread, and inserting said implant into said threaded recess.
    [0021] Additional modalities of the invention are defined in the dependent claims, wherein the characteristics for the second aspect of the invention are the same for the first aspect mutatis mutandis.
    [0022] Some embodiments of the invention deal with improved accuracy of an implant position in the bone. In addition, the embodiments of the invention deal with a relatively uniform distribution of the implant load to the bone when the implant is placed. Therefore, it provides the placement of the implant in an anticipated path, that is, the implant does not deviate from the anticipated path. Therefore, the implant can be more accurately centered within a bone recess, whereby more uniform condensation of the bone around the periphery of the implant thread threads is provided. Modalities of the invention deal with the reduction or elimination of one or more of an angular deviation, a vertical deviation, a center deviation, and / or a lateral deviation compared to an anticipated and / or planned position of the implant. Modalities of the invention also deal with using bone condensing implants, such as implants that taper outward from their apical end towards their coronal end, in guided implant surgery and / or in hard bone applications.
    [0023] It should be emphasized that the term "understand / understand" when used in this specification is taken to specify the presence of characteristics, integers, steps or components indicated, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other characteristics , whole numbers, steps, components or groups thereof.
    Brief Description of the Drawings [0024] These and other aspects, characteristics and advantages of which the modalities of the invention are capable will be apparent and elucidated from the following description of modalities of the present invention, reference being made to the attached drawings, in which Figs. 1a-1d are seen in cross section of a thread-forming tool, a guide sleeve, and a recess formed in the bone using a drill;
    Figs. 2a-2c are seen partially in cross section of an implant assembly attached to an implant for placement in the bone recess at various stages of the placement procedure;
    Figs. 3a-3b are covered views in cross section of various sizes of the implant and the thread-forming tool;
    Figs. 4a-4c are side views of drills; Fig. 4d is a perspective view of the thread-forming tool; and Figs. 5a-5c covered views in cross section of the implant and the thread-forming tool.
    Description of Modalities [0025] Specific modalities of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. This invention can, however, be incorporated in many different forms and should not be interpreted as limited to the modalities set out in this document; instead, these modalities are provided so that this description will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the detailed description of the modalities illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the invention. In the drawings, similar numbers refer to similar elements.
    [0026] The following description focuses on modalities of the present invention applicable to the installation of a dental implant in the jaw bone. However, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to this application, but can be applied to many other procedures, such as placement of oral and craniomaxillofacial implants anywhere in the bone in the skull etc. Modalities of the invention can be used separately or as part of a guided drill and implant planning and treatment concept.
    [0027] The components according to the modalities of the invention try to passively insert an implant into the bone at least initially when it is placed. Passive threading means in the context of the invention that the implant can be inserted, such as manually, to a certain depth without condensing the bone. The implant may contact the bone, but it will not substantially condense. Therefore, a passive fit between the implant and the bone is provided. This deals with the implant more closely following an anticipated trajectory. Additionally or alternatively, a more uniform compression of bone when the implant is placed can be obtained, which in itself can contribute to the implant following the anticipated path.
    [0028] Fig. 5a-5c illustrates some embodiments of the invention, in which longitudinal cross-sectional views of an implant 101 and a thread-forming tool 107 are covered. The thread-forming tool 107 comprises a thread-forming section 112 with a helical thread-thread 130 that has at least one cutting surface for cutting a thread-thread in the bone 102. The implant 101 comprises a surface of bone apposition 123 having at least one helical thread thread 131 to position at least partially in a bone thread thread 102. A longitudinal cross-sectional shape of at least a portion of the helical thread thread 130 of the forming section thread thread corresponds substantially to a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of at least a portion of the helical thread thread 131 of the implant 101. This deals with the substantially uniform distribution of the implant load 101 to the bone 103 when the implant is inserted. This can, in turn, additionally address a more predictable path of path when implant 101 is placed on bone 102.
    [0029] The longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the helical thread thread 130,131 of the thread thread forming section 112 and the implant, respectively, may comprise the profile thread thread including the thread thread root, the thread thread tip thread, and the flank of the thread thread extends between the root of the thread thread to the tip of the thread thread. In the illustrated embodiment, the end of the thread threads 130,131 comprises a flat face. The flat face can vary in width in the axial direction of thread thread 130,131. In addition, thread root 130,131 can form a substantially flat surface that is wide. The shape of the root of the thread may be constant in the axial direction of the thread. Each of the tip, root, and / or flank of the thread may comprise at least one recess in the micrometer range to promote osseointegration.
    [0030] In some embodiments, a dimension of the cross-sectional shape of the threaded thread 130 of the thread-forming section 112 substantially corresponds to a corresponding dimension of the cross-sectional shape of the threaded thread 131 of the implant 101. In other embodiments, the dimension of the cross-sectional shape of the threaded thread 130 of the thread-forming section 120 is less than a corresponding dimension of the cross-sectional shape of the threaded thread 131 of the implant 101. The smaller it is the more condensing dimension of the bone can be treated. Therefore, for harder bone applications the difference in dimensions may be smaller than for softer bone applications.
    [0031] For example, the dimension of the thread-forming section 112 and the implant 101 is measured when they are aligned in a position that is their optimal final position, as shown in Figs. 5a-5c. The dimension can then be measured in a lateral cross section of the threaded section 112 and the implant 101 which is located at the same distance from the coronal end of the implant 101. Therefore, the dimensions are measured when the threaded section 112 is vertically aligned with the implant 101 and the thread threads 130,131 are rotationally aligned, that is, the thread threads uniformly overlap. In some embodiments, the dimension of the thread-forming section 112 is a radius r1 (Fig. 5b) from the central longitudinal axis of the thread-forming tool 112 to an outer surface of a tip 132 of the thread-thread 130 thread-forming section 112. The corresponding dimension of thread-thread 131 of implant 101 is a radius r2 (fig. 5c) from the central longitudinal axis of the implant to an outer surface of a tip 133 of its thread-thread 131 for a lateral cross section taken at the same distance, as for measurement r1, from the coronal end of the implant 101.
    [0032] Alternatively or additionally, the dimension of the thread-forming section 112 is a radius r3 (Fig. R3) from the central longitudinal axis of the thread-forming tool 112 to an external surface of a root 134 of its thread fillet. A corresponding dimension of the thread thread 131 of the implant 101 is a radius r4 (Fig. 5c) from the central longitudinal axis of the implant 101 to an outer surface of a root 135 of its thread thread. The dimensions for the root are measured in the same way as for the dimension for the tips 132,133, as described above.
    [0033] In some embodiments, a pitch of the helical thread 130 of the thread-forming section 112 is substantially the same as a pitch of the helical thread 131 of the implant 101. The pitch is the distance from the crest of the thread thread to the next crest when the thread is seen in longitudinal cross section. In embodiments of the invention, thread threads 130,131 of threaded section 112 and implant 101, respectively, can be thread threads of single or multiple feed.
    [0034] In the embodiment of Fig. 5a, the thread-forming section 112 is at least partially tapering externally from its apical end towards its coronal end. Similarly, an apical portion, such as all or a portion of the threaded section of implant 101, of implant 101 is at least partially tapered externally from its apical end towards its coronal end. For example, either or both the tip 133 and the root 135 of the thread thread 131 of the implant taper relative to the central longitudinal axis of the implant 101. Alternatively, at least a portion of the tip 133 is substantially cylindrical and at least a portion of the root 135 of the thread thread 131 in the axial direction of the helical thread thread of the implant 101 taper in relation to the central longitudinal axis of the implant 101. In Fig. 5a, the tapering level of the tip or crest 133 of the thread thread 131 was indicated by straight lines 136a, 136b interconnecting a number of tip sections along various portions of the thread thread along the longitudinal axis of the implant 101. Also, the tapering level of the root 135 of thread thread 131 was indicated by straight lines 137a , 137b by interconnecting a number of root sections along various portions of the thread thread 131 along the longitudinal axis of the implant 101. As can be seen, the tapering level in the coronal end of implant 101 compared to apical end of implant is smaller for both tip 133 and root 135. Each root section can also taper more than the overall taper of a number of subsequent root sections. This deals with the improved bone condensing properties, which is described in more detail in WO2004103202 and WO2008128757, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes. Thread thread 131 of thread thread forming section 112 may have the same general taper as thread thread 131 of implant 101.
    [0035] In some embodiments, a maximum diameter of at least an apical portion of the bone tissue apposition surface 123 is less than or equal to a maximum diameter of the thread-forming section 112 of the thread-forming tool 107. This is about passively threading the implant at least to a certain extent before bone condensation begins. Passive threading can correspond to displacement O discussed below.
    [0036] In some embodiments, a maximum diameter of an apical portion of the bone apposition surface 123 is greater than a maximum diameter of an apical portion of the thread-forming section of the thread-forming tool, and less than a coronal portion of the thread-forming section of the thread-forming tool. This deals with the passive initial threading of the implant in the bone recess, and bone condensation at least in the apical portion of the implant 101, whereby improved stability can be obtained as well as a more controlled trajectory of the implant, as discussed above.
    [0037] In some embodiments, a maximum diameter of a coronal portion of the bone tissue affixing surface is greater than a maximum diameter of a coronal portion of the thread-forming section of the thread-forming tool. This deals with bone condensation at least in the coronal portion of the implant 101, whereby improved stability can be obtained as well as a more controlled path.
    [0038] Figs. 1a-1d illustrate a procedure for providing a threading on the bone in a procedure for guided surgery. The modalities described below can be combined with the modalities described above. The threading may comprise one or more thread threads 3a depending on the type of implant 1 to be installed, such as an implant that has a single or multiple lead thread threads. In the illustrated example, bone 2 is a jaw bone.
    [0039] The guide sleeve 5 can be provided in the surgical mold 6 as a separate or integrated component. Therefore, the guide sleeve 5 can be integrated into or form part of the surgical mold 6. In some embodiments, the guide sleeve is a cylindrical metallic sleeve that has been attached to the surgical mold 6, for example, using an adhesive. In other embodiments, the guide sleeve 5 is detachable and can be inserted into a recess formed in the surgical mold 6. The guide sleeve 5 has a guide surface 10 and a reference surface 11. The guide surface provides guidance to the drill bit 4a, 4b, 4c and / or the thread fillet tool 7. To guide in this context is to control the path of the tool that is guided, such as in angular, vertical, lateral, and / or centered directions. The reference surface 11 can be used as the reference from which one or more depths or vertical directions are controlled. In the illustrated embodiment, a coronal end surface of the guide sleeve 5 serves as the reference surface. The reference surface 11 has a fixed relationship with respect to the planned position of the implant. Therefore, knowing the type and length of the implant 1, the depth of the recess 3 can be calculated, the correct depth drilled, and thread thread 3a provided in the appropriate depth. The depth of any tooling can be controlled by markings on the tooling, such as visual or mechanical markings. A visual mark is, for example, a circumferential band indicating the distance from the tool tip. A mechanical marking is, for example, a stop flange provided for support against the reference surface 11. The design of the guide sleeve 5 and the surgical mold 6 as such is known from the NobelGuide ™ treatment and planning concept mentioned above.
    [0040] The thread-forming tool 7 has a thread-forming section 12 to form at least one thread-thread on the bone. Also, the thread-forming tool 7 comprises the guide section 8 for guiding the guide surface 10 of the guide sleeve 5. The thread-forming section 12 comprises an apical portion 13, and a coronal portion 14. The delimitation The exact extent of the apical portion 13 and the coronal portion 14 may depend on the length of the entire thread-forming section 12, which in turn may depend on the length and / or type of implant to be installed. However, a maximum diameter of the apical portion 13 of the thread-forming section 12 is less than or equal to a maximum diameter of a cutting edge 15a, 15b, 15c of drill 4a, 4b, 4c. When drilling recess 3, the maximum diameter of recess 3 will correspond to the maximum diameter of the cutting edge 15a, 15b, 15c of drill 4a, 4b, 4c. Therefore, since the maximum diameter of the apical portion 13 of the thread-forming section 12 is less than or equal to the maximum diameter of the cutting edge 15a, 15b, 15c of drill bit 4a, 4b, 4c, the apical portion of the section thread fillet formation 12 will be received inside recess 3 without condensing bone 2. How much apical portion 13 is received depends on the exact configuration of apical portion 13 and recess 3. After a certain distance, the thread fillet 12 begins to contact the bone because it has a larger diameter than recess 3, through which thread threads are formed in bone 2. By entering the thread fillet section 12 in recess 3 before the thread thread 3a being formed, it is the positional control, such as center, lateral, vertical, and / or angular control, of the thread fillet section 12.
    [0041] In the illustrated example, recess 3 is staggered with a plurality of substantially circular cylindrical portions interconnected by a plurality of tapered portions. In other embodiments, the recess 3 is substantially cylindrical, tapered, or a combination thereof, which may be formed by a correspondingly shaped drill bit 4a, 4b, 4c or plurality of bits.
    [0042] Fig. 1b illustrates an embodiment in which a position 16 of the maximum diameter of the apical portion 13 of the thread-forming section 12 is located O displaced from an apical end 17 of the thread-forming section 12. Position 16 is also located at a first distance d1 from an apical end 18 of the guide section 8. In the illustrated embodiment, the first distance d1 is substantially equal to a second distance d2, which is equal to the distance from position 16 to a coronal end 19 of the guide surface 10 when the thread-forming tool 7 is inserted into the guide sleeve 5. In the illustrated embodiment, the coronal end 19 of the guide surface 10 is located flush with the reference surface 11. This modality deals with guiding by guide sleeve 5 to guide section 8 before threaded section 12 engages the bone and begins to generate thread thread 3a on bone 2. Therefore, it is about honey accuracy hour of thread fillet position 3a, such as improved angular, vertical, center, and / or lateral control of thread fillet forming tool 7, and thus inherently improved accuracy of the space of thread fillet 3a in the bone 2.
    [0043] In some embodiments, the displacement O is at least 1 mm. In other embodiments, the displacement is at least 2 mm or even at least 3 mm. The displacement O can be in the range of 2-3 mm. The length of the displacement O depends on the type of implant to be installed and / or the shape and dimension of the thread thread 3a which is to be provided in the bone 2. It can also depend on the length of the thread thread forming section 12.
    [0044] In some embodiments, the apical end 17 of the thread-forming section 12 is greater than a maximum diameter of an apical section 20a, 20b, 20c of drill 4a, 4b, 4c. In embodiments other than for a substantially cylindrical drill, the apical section 20a, 20b, 20c of the drill may be less than a maximum diameter of a coronal section 21 of drill 4a, 4b, 4c, such as for stepped drill or tapered drill . This is about providing thread threads in the recess along the entire length of thread thread forming section 12. However, in other embodiments, the apical end 17 of thread thread forming section 12 is less than or equal at a diameter of the apical section 20a, 20b, 20c of the drill bit 4a, 4b, 4c where the apical end 17 of the thread-forming tool 7 is located when it is inserted at its final depth, which is illustrated in Fig. 1c . This deals with the improved stability of the implant when it is inserted, for example, if the implant 1 has a thread-cutting tip that provides thread threads while it is inserted at its full depth. In addition, the thread thread 3a provided in the coronal portion of the recess 3 controls the position of the implant 1.
    [0045] A diameter of the guide section 8 of the thread-forming tool 7 is slightly less than a diameter of the guide surface of the guide sleeve, such as approximately 10-200 pm, for example, 30-100 pm. This deals with controlling the path of the thread-forming tool 7, as discussed above.
    [0046] The apical portion 13 of the thread-forming section 12 can at least partially taper externally from the apical end 12 towards the coronal end of the thread-forming section. In the modalities illustrated in Figs. 1a-1c, the entire thread-forming section is externally tapered from its apical end to its coronal end. Here, both a tip 21 and a root 22 of a thread thread from the thread thread forming section 12 when viewed in cross section taper, i.e., the thread thread gradually increases in diameter from the apical end to the coronal end. In some embodiments, the gradual increase may be stopped and instead a section with a generally cylindrical thread at the tip 21, at the root 22, and / or between them is provided.
    [0047] Figs. 2a-2c illustrate implant 1 and a procedure for placing implant 1. Implant 1 has a bone tissue apposition surface 23, that is, a surface that is in apposition to bone 2 when implant 1 is placed in position Final. A maximum diameter of at least an apical portion 24 of the bone tissue affixing surface 23 is less than or equal to a maximum diameter of the thread-forming section 12 of the thread-forming tool 7. This deals with threading passively implant 1 in thread thread 3a in bone 2. Threading passively means in the context of the invention that the implant can be inserted, such as manually, to a certain depth substantially without condensing the bone. Therefore, there is a passive fit between the apical portion 24 of the bone tissue apposition surface 23 and thread thread 3a on bone 2. Therefore, thread thread 3 instead of guide sleeve 5 can guide the implant, as will be discussed in more detail below. In some embodiments, it is sufficient if the implant can be screwed in one or two complete revolutions, depending on the type of thread, such as advance and / or pitch, the thicker the thread is, the greater the number of advances, etc.
    [0048] In some embodiments, a maximum diameter of the apical portion 24 of the apposition surface of bone tissue 23 is greater than a maximum diameter of the apical portion 13 of the thread-forming section 12 of the thread-forming tool 7 This deals with the improved stability of the implant, as if the implant condensed the bone at least in the apical portion 24. This, for example, illustrated in Fig. 3b, in which cross-sectional views of the thread-forming tool 7 and implant 1 are covered. In this embodiment, the length of the thread thread of the thread thread forming section 12 measured in the longitudinal direction of the thread thread forming tool 7 substantially corresponds to the length of the thread thread of the implant 1 measured in the longitudinal direction of the implant 1. Therefore, recess 3 is threaded at substantially its total depth. In other embodiments, as shown in Fig. 3a, the thread thread length of thread thread forming section 12 measured in the longitudinal direction of thread thread forming tool 7 is shorter, such as at least 1 to 3 mm, that the thread length of implant 1 measured in the longitudinal direction of implant 1. Therefore, recess 3 is threaded only partially to its full depth. The last modality deals with the improved stability of implant 1, as if the implant condensed the bone and / or even cut its own thread on the bone at the apical end 24.
    [0049] In some embodiments, a maximum diameter of a coronal portion 25 of the bone tissue affixing surface 23 is greater than a maximum diameter of the coronal portion 14 of the thread-forming section 12 of the thread-forming tool 7. This deals with bone condensation also in the coronal region of the apposition surface of bone tissue, as well as to provide improved contact with the cortical bone.
    [0050] One embodiment of the implant assembly 9 is illustrated in Figs. 2a-2c. at one end, the implant assembly 9 comprises a shank 26 with a tool engagement head 27. The tool engagement head 27 has a hexagonal shape in this embodiment. Also, the implant assembly has a depth indicator 28 indicating the appropriate implant depth. In this modality, the depth indicator is a tactile indicator, such as a flange, which provides tactile feedback to the user when the implant has reached its final or planned depth. The tactile feedback is, for example, provided when the flange adjoins the reference surface 11 of the guide sleeve 5. Alternatively, the depth indicator 28 can provide visual feedback, such as a visible marking, for example, a circumferential band, on the ear 26.
    [0051] As can be seen in Figs. 2a-2c, the clearance is provided between the guide surface 10 of the guide sleeve 5 and the spike 26. The guide surface 10 does not provide any guidance for the implant assembly. In contrast, guidance is provided by thread thread 3a cut in bone 2, such as lateral, center, and / or angular guidance. This prevents the implant assembly 9 from sticking to the guide sleeve 5 and / or that the entire surgical mold 6 is displaced from its exact position. Therefore, it is about improved positional accuracy, not only for implant 1 that is actually being installed, but also for any additional implants to be installed using the same surgical mold 6.
    [0052] At least one of an apical section and a coronal section of the drill is substantially cylindrical, such as circular, tapered, or cylindrical and flattened.
    [0053] Figs. 4a-4c illustrate several drills 4a, 4b, 4c to form recess 3 in bone 2. Each drill 4a, 4b, 4c has at least one cutting edge 15a, 15b, 15c for cutting recess 3a in bone 2.
    [0054] The drill 4a of the embodiment of Fig. 4a is at least partially tapered, that is, its cutting edge 15a substantially forms a circular cylinder to a coronal portion of the edge and tapered cone or truncated cone to an apical portion of the cutting edge 15th. The tapered portion can be in the range of 20-80% of the total length of the cutting edge 15a measured in the axial direction of the drill 4a.
    [0055] The drill 4b of the embodiment of Fig. 4b is substantially cylindrical. The cutting edge 15b of the cylindrical drill 4b is helical with a constant outside diameter.
    [0056] Drill 4c of the embodiment of Fig. 4c is a stepped drill, in which the outside diameter of the cutting edge 15c varies along the axial direction of the drill 4c. The edge as such is helical. The diameter of the cutting edge in relation to the central longitudinal axis of the drill 4c in the apical portion 20c is less than the diameter of the coronal portion of the drill.
    [0057] Fig. 4d illustrates a modification of the thread-forming tool 7. The thread-thread 130 of the thread-forming tool 7 is helical and interrupted by at least one cutting surface 15d in each revolution of the thread thread 130 around the perimeter of the thread fillet section. A recess 138 is formed in the thread thread 130 beginning at the end of the thread thread forming section and ending at the guide section.
    [0058] The components according to the modalities of the invention try to passively insert an implant into the bone at least initially when it is placed. Passive threading means in the context of the invention that the implant can be inserted, such as manually, to a certain depth without condensing the bone. The implant may contact the bone, but it will not substantially condense. Therefore, a passive fit between the implant and the bone is provided. This deals with the implant more closely following an anticipated path, that is, it is guided by the bone, and / or a more uniform condensation of the bone 2 when the implant 1 is placed.
    [0059] The length of the implant 101 from its apical end to its coronal end can be in the range 6-20 mm, such as 8-18 mm. The maximum diameter of the implant thread may be in the range of 1.8-5.5 mm, such as 2.5-5.0 mm. As discussed above, the length and diameter of the thread-forming section of the thread-forming tool may be equivalent or slightly less than the dimensions of implant 1. In some situations, the length and diameter of the thread-forming section thread thread of the thread thread forming tool may be slightly larger than the dimensions of the implant.
    [0060] One embodiment of a method of placing an implant in a threaded recess in the bone comprises drilling a recess in the bone, forming a thread in the recess that has a shape that at least partially corresponds to a shape of a thread thread of an implant, and inserting said implant into said threaded recess.
    [0061] One embodiment of a method for forming thread thread 3a on bone 2, comprises positioning a surgical mold that has a guide sleeve with a guide surface to a surgical site, inserting a drill through the guide sleeve, drilling a recess in the bone while the drill is guided by the guide sleeve, insert a thread-forming tool into the guide sleeve, guide a guide section of the thread-forming tool with the guide surface of the guide sleeve before a fillet-forming section thread of the thread-forming tool begins to form a thread-thread in the recess, and forms a thread-thread in the bone while the guide section of the thread-forming tool is guided by the guide surface.
    [0062] The present invention has been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, other modalities other than those described above are also possible within the scope of the invention. Method steps other than those described above can be provided within the scope of the invention. The different characteristics and stages of the invention can be combined in other combinations other than those described. The scope of the invention is limited only by the attached patent claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. Combination of a thread-forming tool (7, 107) and an implant (1, 101), the thread-forming tool (7, 107) has a thread-forming section (12 , 112) with a helical thread (130) that has at least one cutting surface for cutting a thread thread (3a) in the bone; the implant (1, 101) comprises a bone apposition surface (23, 123) which has at least one helical thread (131) to position at least partially in the bone thread; and a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of at least a portion of the helical thread fillet (130) of the thread-forming section (12, 112) substantially corresponds to a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of at least a portion of the threaded fillet helical thread (131) of the implant (1, 101), a dimension of said cross-sectional shape of the helical thread (130) of the thread-forming section (112) is smaller than a corresponding dimension of said shape of cross section of the helical thread thread (131) of the implant (101), in which said dimension of the thread thread forming section (12, 112) and the implant (1, 101) are measured when they are aligned in one position that corresponds to their final position, and in a lateral cross section of the thread-forming section (12, 112) and the implant (1, 101) which is located at the same distance from a coronary end of the imp (1, 101), so that the condensation of the bone is activated after insertion of the implant in the bone, in which the thread-forming section (12, 112) is at least partially tapering externally, in relation to a central longitudinal axis of said thread-forming tool (7, 107), from its apical end towards its coronal end, characterized by the fact that an apical portion of the implant (1, 101) is at least partially tapered externally, in relation to a central longitudinal axis of said implant (1, 101), from its apical end towards its coronal end, and a maximum diameter of an apical portion (124) of the bone apposition surface (23; 123) is equal to a maximum diameter of the thread-forming section (12, 112) to allow the implant (1; 101) to be threaded (3a) so that the implant can be inserted to a certain extent depth without the bone being condensed, and where the maximum diameter of the apical portion (124) of the bone affixing surface (23; 123) is greater than a maximum diameter of an apical portion (13; 113) of the forming section thread thread (12; 112).
    [2]
    2. Combination according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that said dimension of the thread-forming section (12, 112) is the radius of the central longitudinal axis of the thread-forming tool (7, 107 ) to an external surface of one end of its thread, and said dimension of the implant thread (1, 101) is the radius of the central longitudinal axis of the implant to an external surface of one end of its thread.
    [3]
    3. Combination according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that said dimension of the thread-forming section (12, 112) is the radius of the central longitudinal axis of the thread-forming tool (7 , 107) to an external surface of a root of its thread, and said dimension of the implant thread (1, 101) is the radius of the central longitudinal axis of the implant (1, 101) to an external surface of a root of your donut.
    [4]
    4. Combination according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pitch of the helical thread (130) of the thread-forming section (12, 112) is equal to the pitch of the helical thread (131) of the implant (1, 101).
    [5]
    5. Combination according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that a maximum diameter of a coronal portion of the bone apposition surface of the implant (1, 101) is greater than a maximum diameter of a coronal portion of the implant section thread forming (12, 112) of the thread forming tool (7, 107), so that bone condensation at the coronary end of the implant bone surface (1, 101) is activated.
    [6]
    6. Combination according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a drill bit (4a, 4b, 4c), and a guide sleeve (5) for a surgical mold (6), wherein the sleeve guide (5) has a guide surface to guide the thread-forming tool (7, 107), the drill (4a, 4b, 4c) has at least one cutting edge in the apical section and the coronal section; the thread-forming tool (7, 107) has a guide section for guiding the guide surface of the guide sleeve (5), the thread-forming section (12, 112) comprising a coronal portion; and where the maximum diameter of the apical portion of the thread-forming section (12, 112) is less than or equal to a maximum diameter of the cutting edge of the drill (4a, 4b, 4c), so that the apical end of the thread-forming section (12, 112) can be received between a recess in a drill-pierced bone (4a, 4b, 4c) without condensing the bone.
    [7]
    7. Combination according to claim 6, characterized in that a position of the maximum diameter of the apical portion of the thread-forming section (12, 112) is located offset from the apical end of the thread-forming section of thread (12, 112) and at a first distance from an apical end of the guide section, said first distance being equal to a second distance from said position to a coronal end of the guide surface when the thread-forming tool (7, 107) is inserted into the guide sleeve (5).
    [8]
    Combination according to claim 7, characterized in that the displacement is at least 1 mm, preferably at least 2 mm, for example, in the range of 2-3 mm.
    [9]
    Combination according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the diameter of the apical end of the thread-forming section (12, 112) is greater than a maximum diameter of the cutting edge of the section apical of the drill (4a, 4b, 4c), which is less than a maximum diameter of the cutting edge of the coronal section of the drill (4a, 4b, 4v).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2710179T3|2019-04-23|
    WO2011026644A2|2011-03-10|
    AU2010291502A1|2012-03-29|
    EP2292176B1|2019-01-09|
    JP2013503664A|2013-02-04|
    EP2292176A1|2011-03-09|
    US9259299B2|2016-02-16|
    CN102481180A|2012-05-30|
    US20120191097A1|2012-07-26|
    BR112012005076A2|2017-06-06|
    CN102481180B|2016-09-28|
    KR101745519B1|2017-06-09|
    WO2011026644A3|2011-05-05|
    JP5883385B2|2016-03-15|
    AU2010291502B2|2015-09-03|
    KR20120070581A|2012-06-29|
    ZA201201362B|2013-05-29|
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    法律状态:
    2019-01-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-07-09| B06T| Formal requirements before examination|
    2019-10-08| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2019-12-10| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 06/09/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. (CO) 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 06/09/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP09011435.6A|EP2292176B1|2009-09-07|2009-09-07|Implantation set|
    PCT/EP2010/005449|WO2011026644A2|2009-09-07|2010-09-06|Components for threading of bone|
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